The objective of this study is to determine soil physical and chemical characteristics of rangelands of Eskişehir province and to determine nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P₂0₅) fertilizer requirements of those rangelands. Soil sampling was carried out on 142 locations, from 0 to 25 cm depth, distributed over grasslands of Eskişehir. According to study results; Condition classes of Eskişehir grasslands is as follows; rangelands of 52 sampling point (%36.6) is in poor condition, 88 sampling points (%62.2) is medium, and 2 sampling points (%36.6) good, Health classes of those rangelands are risky, healthy, and problematic in 13 (%9.2), 123 (%86.6), and 6 (%6.2),sampling points respectively. Rehabilitation is necessary in grasslands of 64 sampling points (%45.1), the rehabilitation is helpful in 76 points(%53.5) and only soil management practices is necessary in 2 points (%1.4).

According to study results fertilizer need of the grasslands is as follow; no phosphorus application is necessary for 19 grasslands sites, For the other sites, phosphorus (P2O5) requrements are calculated as; 0.06-0.50 kg da^-1 for 3 sites, 1.0-1.90 kg da^-1 for 9 sites, 2.0-2.78 kg da^-1 for 12 sites, 3.06-3.97 kg da^-1 for 18 sites, 4.11-4.99 kg da^-1 for 22 grasslands sites, 5.08-5.99 kg da^-1 in 22 sites, 6.16-6.95 kg da^-1 in 22 sites, 7.16-7.82 kg da^-1 in 8 sites, 8.04-9.80 kg da^-1 in 7 sites. The amount of nitrogen deficit in sites are as follows; 2.3-2.9 kg da^-1 in 9 sites, 3.0-3.9 kg da^-1 in 24 sites, 4.0-4.9 kg da^-1 in 33 sites 5.0-5.9 kg da-1 in 40 sites and 6.0-7.0 kg da^-1 in 37 sites.